What is Kaposi Sarcoma?

Kaposi sarcoma is a rare type of cancer that affects the skin, lymph nodes, and other organs. It is characterized by the abnormal growth of cells called Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). This cancer often appears as lesions or tumors on the skin, but it can also affect the internal organs, such as the lungs, liver, or gastrointestinal tract. Kaposi sarcoma is most commonly seen in people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or those who have undergone organ transplantation.

Causes and risk factors to consider

The primary cause of Kaposi sarcoma is the KSHV, also known as human herpesvirus 8. This virus is transmitted through bodily fluids, such as saliva or sexual contact. However, not everyone infected with the virus will develop the cancer. Certain factors increase the risk of developing Kaposi sarcoma, including a weakened immune system, HIV/AIDS, organ transplantation, and being of Mediterranean, Eastern European, or African descent.

Common symptoms that you need to know about

Kaposi sarcoma often presents itself as lesions or tumors on the skin. These lesions can range in color from pink to dark purple and may be flat or raised. They typically appear on the legs, face, or genitals, but can occur anywhere on the body. Other common symptoms include swelling in the affected area, pain or discomfort, and itching. In some cases, the lesions may also bleed.

Other symptoms of Kaposi Sarcoma

While skin lesions are the most common symptom of Kaposi sarcoma, this cancer can also affect the internal organs. In such cases, symptoms may include shortness of breath, coughing up blood, chest pain, abdominal pain or swelling, difficulty swallowing, or changes in bowel habits. It is important to note that these symptoms can be indicative of other conditions as well, so a proper medical evaluation is necessary for an accurate diagnosis.

When to seek help

It is important to seek out expert medical help immediately. While some of these symptoms may be benign, they can also indicate a serious underlying condition such as Kaposi sarcoma. A healthcare professional will be able to evaluate your symptoms, perform the necessary tests, and provide a proper diagnosis. Early detection and treatment of Kaposi sarcoma can significantly improve the outcome for patients.